Hydraulic pump



' 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

J. H. HUBBELL.

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

No. 331,711. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

(No Model.) 4 Sht aetsS1 1eet 2. J. H. HUBBELL.

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

No. 331,711. I Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

N. Pncns. Phalmlilhbguphr. Vhlhinglon. a. c

(No Medal.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.v

J. H. HUBBE'LL.

HYDEAULIU PUMP.

No. 331,711. Patented Dem-1, 1885.

13 (It) 2 w Ii m as a 9 if t a n (No Model.) 4' Sheets-Sheet 4..

J. H. HUBBELL.

HYDRAULIC PUMP. No. 331,711, Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

T .20 Z J G f I fig %//Z:ii///% aw x 5 Iberian ser es PATENT JOSEPH H.HUBBELL, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

HYDRAULlC PUMP.

SPECIFICATIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,711, dated December1, 1885.

Application filed June 5, 1885.

To (6Z2: whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Josnrn H. HUBBELL, a resident of Dayton, in thecounty of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Hydraulic Pumps, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic pumps.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide automatic means forstopping the pumping when the desired amount of pressure has beenobtained. 7

Another object of my invention is to combine a series of high with oneor more low pressure pumps, so that the low and high pressure pumps willsuccessively contribute to obtaining the power, and each beautomatically released from labor when it has produced its respectivelimit of pressure or power.

Another object of my invention is to so combine a series of pumps thatone or moreof the high-pressure pumps can be worked at the same time andin conjunction with the lowpressure pumps which work in conjunction withone or more of the high-pressure pumps. By employing the pumpshereinafter described I am enabled to avoid all danger of bursting thepumps by supplying trippingpistons aud connections to automatically stopthe pumping operations as soon as the desired pressure is obtained, andwhich autoinatic ally commence labor it the pressure in the force-mainshould fall below the maximum point.

The various features and other objects of my invention will be lully setforth in the description of the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improvedpump; Fig. 2, a top plan view of the series Fig. 5. Fi 8 is a section online 2: z, Fig. 5. Fi 9 is a partial plan view showing the connection ofthe low to the high press- Serial No. 167,757.

(No model.)

manner of connecting the passages between the different cylinders. Fig.11 is a diagram showing the position of cranks. Fig. 12 is a sideelevation of my improved cross-head. Fig. 13 is a longitudinal verticalsection of the same; and Fig. 14, a section on line a b, Fig. 13.

A A A A represent the frame-work of the machine, on which the series ofpumps are placed.

B represents the main driving-pulley.

1) represents driving-gear on the drivingshaft B, and 5 representsdriving-gear on the crank-shaft.

'1 2 3 4 5 6 7 represent a series of cranks set at different angles, asshown in diagram Fig. 11, for driving the series of pumps 0 I) E F Gr III. These pumps are preferably each made of a block of metal castintegral and cored and finished, with ports, passages, and chambers, ashereinafter described. They are placed parallel with each other upon themain frame of the machine in proper plane to be in line with the cranksand cross-heads. The two outside pumps 0 and I are designed forlow-pressure pumps. Each is provided with a passage or opening. K,pierced clear through the block of the pump. Each of the series ofhighpressure pumps is provided also with a similar passage, K, bored inlike manner, and th ese several passages oi'the diffcrentpumps areconnected to each other by bushingpipes 8, as shown iuFig. 10, so as toform a continuous passage passing clear through the series,so that thesupply-pipes J J, at either side supply all of the pumps with the fluidoperated upon by the pump-pistons to produce the power.

9 represents the suction-valve on each of these low and high pressurepumps.

10 represents the low-pressure pistons, and 11 the high-pressurepistons. The low-press u re pistons 10 are preferably of ten times thearea of the high-pressure pistons 11. Oil is preferably employed in theoperation of the pumps; but any other suitable fluid may be used.

12- rep resents the check-valves in the passage above the pistonsleading to the pressurepipes.

In the ordinary operation of the low-pressure pump 0 the oil is drawn upthrough valve ure pumps. Fig, 10 is a section showing the ICO 9 intopassage a, and forced by the piston through passage a, raisingcheck-valve 12, through passage a, into passage L, which passage iscommon to all ofthe pumps, as shown in plan, Fig. 9, the several blocksbeing connected by bushings Z.

- 13 represents a lowpressure safety-valve opening out from passage a,and M represents a weighted trippingpiston,which governs the operationof the lowpressure pump in the'following manner, as shown in Fig. 1.

d representsthe weighted arm holding down the piston M.

d represents the weight.

14 represents a link connecting arm cl-to lever 15, which is hinged tostem or piston 16, which works in the stuftingbox 17, passing verticallythrough and up into or against the suction-valve 9, as shown in Figs.3,4,5. The weight d is adjusted on lever D, to limit the amount ofpressure produced by the pumps 0 and -I. When the pressure in passage Lis greater than the limit at which the weight d is adjusted to hold, thepiston M will rise and lift the arm (Z, and with it link 14, arm 15, andpiston 16, the raising of which piston holds the suction-valve 9 up offits seat, and stops the work of the pump-piston 10. Each of the pumps .0and I is provided with similar regulating or tripping pistons, M, andautomatic lifting apparatus for holding up the footvalve 9.

As the passage L is common to the pumps 0 and I, the same pressure uponthe pumppiston will operate regulating-piston Min a uniform manner,whichare weighted,say,ordinarilyto a limit of fou rhundred pounds pressure tothe square inch. It follows, then, that when that limit is reached, ifthe piston 10 is traveling outward, regulating-piston M will be raised,and through it valve 9 kept from seating, and thus the operation of thepump -will be stopped; but if the piston 10 be traveling inwardregulating-piston M cannot rise against the inward stroke of piston 10to operate piston-rod 16, connected to the weighted arm d, and hencewill not raise the valve 9, be cause the pressure is balanced betweenpiston M and valve 9. Upon the next outstroke, however, of the piston,the pressure upon valve 9 will be relieved, and it will be caused torise. At the same time valve M will be raised, and be kept in suchraised position so long as the pressure in the pumps exceeds the weightupon the lever 0f the valve, and by the connections with valve 9 thisvalve will be kept in its raised condition likewise, and the operationof the pump be stopped.

To prevent the generation of an undue amount of pressure by the inwardstroke of piston 10, I provide a safety -valve, 13, connecting the saidpassage L, which is weighted, say, at a pressure of ten or more poundsgreater than the weight of regulating piston M, so that the pressurecannot, by the returnstroke of piston 10, be increased above fourhundred and ten pounds to the square inch without lifting the valve 13,to relieve the excess of pressure during this portion of the stroke.

N represents a passage running through the pumps D E F G H I, andconnecting by port N with the high -pres ure safetyvalve 0, which ispreferably placed on pump I. This high pressure safety valve works onlyin connection with the operation of the highpressure pumps, which areall constructed alike in the following manner.

9 represents the suction-valves; 11, the piston; 12, the cheekvalve inthe passage c,opening into passage 6. 17 represents the checkvalve inpassage 6 for closing passage L. Passage is'suffieiently large aroundcheck-valve 17 to be unobstructed by it when raised off its seat.

P represents the pressure pipe leading to the piston-chamber of thepress. Each highpressure pump is. provided with independent pipes P, sothat each one may operate upon a differentpresspiston in unison with orinde- J pendent ofeach other.

R represents a high pressure regulating or tripping piston. It isprovided with a weighted arm, f, link 9, and plunger-rod 16, seatingagainst the foot of valve 9, and acting in the-same manner, as beforeexplained, of the low-pressure regulating piston and connections. Arm fis weighted, so as to limit the pressure of the piston 11 to fourthousand pounds per square inch, so that when the pressure rises to thisamount and increases above it it will raise the piston R, and with itthe connections to hold the foot-valve9 offits seat, and stop theoperation of the pump on the outward stroke of the piston.

In order to prevent an undue excess ofpressure, caused by thereturn-stroke of the piston 11, after the pressure has reached fourthousand, I provide a high-pressure safety-valve,

which connects with passage 6, through checkvalve 19, leading intopassage N, which is sufficiently large to prevent checkvalve 19 fromobstructing the passagewhen lifted. As the passage N is commonto thepumps D E F G H, passing through pump I, and communicating, throughpassage N,with the high pressure safety-valve O, which is weighted, say,to ten or more pounds above the regulatingpiston R, so that on thereturn-stroke of piston 11 the high-pressure valve 0 will rise, torelieve the accumulation of pressure above four thousand on thisreturn-stroke on any one of the series of highpressure pumps, and on thenext manner: The low-pressure pumps are limited in work to, say, aboutfour hundred pounds pressure to the square inch by regulating the weight(2 of the regulatingpiston M. The safety-valve 18 is weighted a littlehigher. Valve S in the pipe P, leading to the piston chamber of thepress,is opened, when the lowpressure pumps will commence supplyingthispiston-chamber with fluid,passing through valve 9, passages a, a andL, through checkvalve 17 and passage 6, into any one of the pipes lwhich are open to supply the pistonchamber of its press. As soon thepressure is raised to fourhundred pounds, or the amount at which theregulating-piston M is weighted, it will rise on the pumps 0 and I, andlift the clieck-valvc,an(l stop the supply of oil or the fluid beingpumped into the piston-chamber of the press. The highpressure pumpconnected to the press through pipe P, that is opened, is likewise atwork at the same time with the low-pressure pump; but the object of thelow-pressure pumps is to raise the press are quickly to their limit, andthen allow the smaller and high-pressure pumps to complete the work moreslowly. The high-pressure pump continues its work until its limit isreached, when, as before described, the regulating-piston R will riseand, with the connectinglink, lift the plunger 16 and suctionvalve 9,and stop the pumping of piston 11. All the pistons keep running, andtheir work is relieved by the holding of its suction-valve 9 up off itsseat. Should, now, the pressure in the pipe 1? fall below the limit towhich the piston It is weighted, the leverfwould immediately drop,closing the piston R down onto its seat, and the suction-valve 9 willcommence operating. Piston 11 will pump the fluid into the pipe P untilthe pressure is again raised to the limit. Thus these several highpressure pumps will work individually its particular press, and keep thepress at the desired limit of power automatically, avoiding the care andwatchi'ulness of the attendant to maintain the pressure.

By employing the regulatingpiston in conj unetion with the safety-valveherein set forth I have a double safeguard against running up thepressure high enough to burst the pistonchamber of the press, whichaccident is of frequent occurrence in the other form of pumps which donot employ the combined safety and regulating devices.

it represents the pitman plunger-heads of the pumps.

T represents a wrist-block for the crossheads, to which they areconnected.

i1 represents a recess. It is provided with screw-threads, into whichthe screw-threaded plunger-head It taps.

U represents a detachable section of the wrist T, which is connected towrist-block T, set-screw aengaging against shoulder 15 of the a incline.

m represents packing-plates, which are preferably composed of a numberof strips of steel; a, a set-screw passing through said packingstripsand tapping into the section U.

o represents a wrist-pin hinging the pitman h to the wrist-block. Anywearoi' the jointeonnections may be taken up by means of thesepacking-strips in and by means of the set-screw r.

Another advantage of employing the de tachable wrist-section U, held bythe inclined set-screw r, is that it may be more easily taken apart andput together than the wristconnections hitherto employed for thispurpose.

I claim- 1. The combination ofa lowpressure and a high-pressure pumphaving in common an inlet-pipe, K, and an exit-pipe, L, and each formedwith a piston-chamber communicating with the said inlet-pipe, a suctionvalve controlling the communication between said pipe and chamber, apiston working in its chamber, a passage communicating with saidexit-pipe, a passage connecting said passage and piston-chamber, acheck-valve con trolling said connecting-passage,aweightedregulating-piston working in the passage communicating with theexit-pipe, and a system of levers connecting said weighted piston andthe suction-valve, the high-pressure pump being also provided with avalve, 17, at the union of the exit-pipe and its communicating passage,and a pressure-pipe, P, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination of a lowpressure and a high-pressure pump having incommon an inlet-pipe, K, and an exit-pipe, L, and each formed with apiston-chamber communicating with said inlet-pipe, a suction-valvecontrolling the communication between said pipe and chamber, a passagecommunicating with said exit-pipe, a passage connecting said passage andpiston-chamber, a checkvalve controlling said connecting-passage,aweighted regulating-piston working in the passage communicating withthe exit-pipe, and a system of levers connecting said weighted pistonand the suction valve, the high-pressure pump being also provided with apassage, N, com municating with the regulating-piston pas sage, ahigh-pressure sai'etyvalve, 0, connected therewith, and a check-valve,l9, con trolling the communication between the regulating-piston passageand passage N, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of a series of low-pressure and a series ofhigh-pressure pumps having in common an inlet pipe and an exitpipe, eachpump having an independent piston and valve-controlled passagesconnecting the inlet and exit pipes, a suction-valve, and a weightedregulating-piston connected by a system of lovers with thesuction-valve, the low-pressure pumps being each further provided with asafety-valve so weighted above the regulating-pistons, and thehigh-pressure pumps having a safety-valve common to all of 5. Thecross-head connection consisting of them,' substantially as and for thepurposes the block T, detachable section u, packingdescribed. strips m,and setscrew r, for connecting the 4. The combination of aserics ofhigh-presspitinan h with the pump-piston, substantially 15 5 ure pumpsconnected with one or more lowas specified.

pressure pumps by a continuous passage, each In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my having independent regulating-pistons for con hand.trolling the work, and a single safety-valve JOSEPH H. HUBBELL. commonto all the high-pressure pumps, for WVitnesses:

10 preventing undue pressure upon the pump- ROBERT ZAHNER,

pistons, substantially as specified. M. E. MILLIKAN.

